| abstract |
The invention relates to formulations which contain pigment and/or filler and comprise one or more solids selected from the group of the pigments and fillers, and an emulsifier (EQ) which has the following formula: R 1 -N ⊕ (R 2 )(R 3 )(R 4 ) X ⊖ (EQ), in which R 1 is a moiety which has from 15 to 40 carbon atoms and which contains at least one aromatic group and at least one aliphatic group and which has at least one functional group selected from hydroxy groups, thiol groups and primary or secondary amino groups and/or has at least one carbon-carbon multiple bond, R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are mutually independently identical or different aliphatic moieties having from 1 to 14 carbon atoms, and X ⊖ is the acid anion of an organic or inorganic acid HX. The invention further relates to coating compositions which comprise the formulations, to the use of the formulations for producing electrocoats, and also to conductive substrates coated with the coating compositions. |