| abstract |
The invention provides compounds of formula I: n n n n n n n n n n wherein a, b, c, m, n, q, r, W, Z 1 , Ar 1 , Z 2 , Y, R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 are as defined in the specification. The compounds of formula I are muscarinic receptor antagonists. The invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds, processes and intermediates for preparing such compounds and methods of using such compounds to treat pulmonary disorders. |