| abstract |
A toner binder for electrostatic image development which comprises a polyester resin synthesized by polycondensation, wherein the polyester resin is one formed in the presence of at least one titanium catalyst (A) selected from the group consisting of a titanium halide (A1), titanium diketone enolate (A2), titanium carboxylate (A3), titanyl carboxylate (A4), and titanyl carboxylate salt (A5). Also provided is a toner binder for electrostatic image development which comprises a polyester resin synthesized by polycondensation, wherein the polyester resin is one formed in the presence of at least one tin catalyst (B) selected from the group consisting of dioctyltin oxide (B1), monobutyltin oxide (B2), and dibutyltin oxide (B3), the compound (B3) having a tributyltin compound content of 250 ppm or lower. |