| abstract |
Polyaxial and uni-planar bone screw assemblies include a multi-threaded shank body having an integral upper portion receivable in a one piece receiver, the receiver having an upper channel for receiving a longitudinal connecting member and a lower cavity cooperating with a lower opening. A compression insert and open retaining ring located in the receiver may be made of cobalt-chrome and the compression insert may provide a diametric interference fit with the receiver. Receivers or inserts may include resilient arm portions. The open ring cooperates with the shank to provide for pop- or snap-on assembly of the shank with the receiver either prior to or after implantation of the shank into a vertebra. |