| abstract |
In certain embodiments, methods, systems, and apparatus are provided for use in removing pollutants from a gas stream. The invention includes a thermal reaction unit formed from a plurality of stacked porous ceramic rings. The porous rings include perforations adapted to allow fluid to be flowed into the thermal reaction unit. By flowing fluid through the porous rings, deposition of waste effluent and/or by-products on the interior of the thermal reaction unit is prevented. Numerous other aspects are provided. |