| abstract |
A method is provided for forming a substantially transparent, electrically conductive film. (A) adding a nanocrystalline material comprising primary particles of a metal or metal oxide having a substantially spherical shape to water; (b) mixing said nanocrystalline material and said water; Forming a substantially stable aqueous dispersion; (c) when applied to a substrate, the dispersion is a uniform defect-free film and has a sheet resistance of less than 10 5 Ω / □ A film forming agent is added to the aqueous dispersion in an amount effective to provide a film having: (d) a diluent is added to the aqueous dispersion to produce a formulation; and (e) based on the formulation. Applying to the material; and (f) heating the substrate to cure the nanocrystalline particles in the film, wherein the heating is performed at a temperature between about 300 ° C and about 800 ° C. Virtually transparent, electrically conductive The method for forming a film. [Selection figure] None |