| abstract |
A flow cell is provided that includes a surface-attached structure in the chamber. The structure can move in response to a magnetic or electric field. A target or separation system includes a flow cell and a driver configured to apply a magnetic or electric field to the interior of the flow cell to actuate movement of a structure. The flow cell can be used to extract or separate targets from a sample flowing through the flow cell. Additionally, a microfluidic system is provided that includes a surface-attached structure and a microarray, wherein actuated motion of the surface-attached structure is used to enhance the flow, circulation, and/or mixing of analyte capture on the microarray. |