| abstract |
Disclosed are devices, systems and methods for monitoring one or more biomarkers using an electrochemical immunosensor sensor with an integrated enzymatic and immunosensing electrochemical detection capability. In some aspects, an electrochemical sensor device for monitoring glucose and insulin includes a substrate; and a plurality of electrodes disposed on the substrate, the plurality of electrodes including a first electrode to sense glucose, a second electrode to sense insulin, and a counter electrode to the first and second electrodes, in which the first electrode includes a glucose oxidase enzyme linked to a surface of the first electrode, and the second electrode includes an insulin capture antibody linked to a second electrode through a self-assembly monolayer, and in which, when the device is electrically coupled to an electronics unit, the device is operable to detect insulin and glucose from a fluid. |