| abstract |
Provided herein are non-naturally occurring, broadly reactive, pan-epitopic antigens derived from H1 influenza virus that are immunogenic and elicit a broadly reactive immune response, such as a broadly reactive neutralizing antibody response, against H1 virus following introduction into a subject. Also provided are non-naturally, pan-epitopic occurring influenza virus immunogens, vaccines, virus-like particles (VLPs), subviral particles (SVPs), and compositions comprising the influenza virus antigens, immunogens, VLPs, SVPs, and vaccines of the disclosure. Methods of generating an immune response in a subject by administering the influenza virus antigens, immunogens, vaccines, VLPs, SLPs, or compositions thereof as disclosed here are provided. For example, the antigens and immunogens comprise the hemagglutinin (HA) protein of H1 influenza virus strains. |