| abstract |
A piezoelectric material containing: a first component comprising a lead-free complex oxide having a perovskite structure, having a Curie temperature of Tc1, and comprising rhombohedral crystals in a single composition; a second component comprising a lead-free complex oxide having a perovskite structure, exhibiting a Curie temperature Tc2 higher than Tc1, and comprising rhombohedral crystals in a single composition; and a third component comprising a lead-free complex oxide differing from the first component, having a perovskite structure, having a Curie temperature Tc3 equal to or higher than Tc2, and comprising rhombohedral crystals in a single composition. Furthermore, if the mole ratio of the third component to the total of the first and third components is α, and α×Tc3+(1-α)×Tc1=Tc4, |Tc4-Tc2| is 50°C or less. |