| abstract |
Methods of alleviating the symptoms of hemoglobinopathies, including, but not limited to, sickle cell disease, β-thalassemia, and hemoglobin H disease are provided, In some embodiments, the methods comprise administering an agent to the subject if the subject has increased expression or activation of at least one of ERK, Ras, BRAF, Rail, MEK, β-arrestin 1/2, Syk, Ρ60-c-Src, or GRK2. Methods of determining the likelihood of a complication or vascular endothelial injury and mortality resulting from a hemoglobinopathy in a subject are also provided. |