| abstract |
The invention relates to method for forming at least one metal oxide on one or more exterior surfaces of fluid transport or processing systems, infrastructure systems, or components thereof, or on a surface subject to particulate erosion. The method involves applying at least one metal compound to the exterior surfaces to be treated. Then, the at least one metal compound is converted to at least one metal oxide, such as by heating the surfaces. In some embodiments, the at least one metal oxide provides a metal oxide coating adhered to those surfaces that reduces or prevents corrosion, biofouling, particulate erosion, or a combination thereof. Embodiments of the present invention can be performed in situ on existing systems, at the point of manufacture, or otherwise. |