| abstract |
Renal function modulation via application of electrical energy stimulation is discussed. The electrical energy stimulation includes a frequency equal to or greater than about 1KHz and is injected between a first electrode and a second electrode, at least one of which is internally disposed proximal to a subject's kidney such that a substantially large portion of the stimulation passes through at least one of a glomerulus, a Bowman's capsule, a macula densa, a tubule, a peritubular capillary network, a collecting duct, an afferent arteriole, an efferent arteriole, or a renal granular cell. The electrical energy stimulation modulates one or more renal functions. One or more parameters associated with the one or more renal functions are measured and used to, among other things, determine a kidney status indicative signal or control the electrical energy stimulation applied. |