| abstract |
The present invention relates to specific types of controlled and modified release dosage forms containing tramadol or at least one pharmaceutically acceptable salt, enantiomer, or metabolite- thereof, that possess specific pharmacokinetic properties and which desirably are not subject to dose dumping, e.g., induced by food or alcohol. The invention also relate to methods of making and using these controlled and modified release dosage forms in therapeutic regimens wherein tramadol is therapeutically effective. |