| abstract |
A lubricating agent which comprises a phosphate salt (A) containing at least one divalent or trivalent metal selected from the group consisting of Zn, Fe, Mn, Ni, Co, Ca, Mg and Al, a dispersant (B), and at least one lubricant (C) selected from the group consisting of a wax and a metal salt of a fatty acid. The lubricating agent is an aqueous agent and can be used for forming a lubricating coating film suitable for a plastic working, such as forging, wire drawing or pipe drawing, of a metal material such as steel, stainless steel, titanium or aluminum, without a chemical treatment of the metal material. |