| abstract |
A gemini surfactant represented by the formula: n nwherein: each R f independently represents perfluorobutyl or perfluoropropyl; each R 1 independently represents alkyl having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms; L 1 and L 2 represent alkylene having from 2 to 18 carbon atoms; each R represents alkyl having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms; Z represents an organic divalent linking group; and nX m− represents an anion or anions having a charge m, wherein m and n are independently 1 or 2, and wherein the product of n and m is 2. Aqueous compositions containing the gemini surfactant are also disclosed. |