| abstract |
A latex used for the preparation of toner particles by emulsion aggregation is prepared, using a controlled addition of anionic surfactants, without the use of a nonionic surfactant. Such a process comprises preparing an aqueous phase using a limited amount of anionic surfactant; preparing an emulsion of monomers in water with additional anionic surfactant and without a nonionic surfactant; adding a portion of the emulsion to the aqueous phase to initiate seed polymerization, in the presence of an initiator, to form seed polymer; and adding the remaining monomer emulsion to the composition to complete polymerization to form a latex polymer. |