| abstract |
An organic electroluminescent element comprising a substrate are stacked layers thereon of, a positive electrode, a holeinjected carrier layer, a luminescent layer and a negative electrode and optionally an electron-injected carrier layer formed between the luminescent layer and the negative electrode, wherein the hole-injected carrier layer comprising a bis-enamine compound represented by the following formula (I): <IMAGE> (I) wherein R1 and R2 are, the same or different, a lower alkyl group or an optionally substituted aryl or heterocyclic group, or alternatively, R1 and R2 together with the carbon atom to which they are bonded may form a benzocycloalkyl group, the benzene ring being optionally substituted by a substituent or substituents selected from the group consisting of a halogen atom, a lower alkyl group and a lower alkoxy group; R3 is an optionally substituted aryl or heterocyclic group; and Ar is a methylene group, a vinylene group or an optionally substituted C6-20 arylene or heterocyclediyl group. |