| abstract |
Bioprosthetic materials, either natural or synthetic, are treated with trivalent iron cations, or salts, to prevent in vivo calcification. Such bioprosthetic materials include porcine aortic valve leaflets, bovine pericardium, aortic homografts, biocompatible elastomers, and the like which are intended for invasive, or in-dwelling use in a human or animal body. Simple incubation of the natural bioprosthetic materials in an iron ion-containing solution, such as aqueous FeCl3, particularly with the addition of an anticalcification agent, such as a diphosphonate, prior to implantation has been found to inhibit calcification of the biomaterial over a prolonged period, and to do so without adverse side effects. Incorporation of an iron-containing compound, with or without an additional anticalcification agent, into the formulation for polymers, such as polyurethane, has also been found to inhibit calcification with no adverse side effects. |