| abstract |
A liquid crystal device is provided which has a pair of substrates and a ferroelectric liquid crystal with the molecules thereof arranged in a plurality of layers perpendicular or nearly perpendicular to the surface of said pair of substrates. The device is characterized in that at least one of said pair of substrates is coated with a film of a polymeric material for aligning the plurality of layers preferentially in one direction, and the film of the polymeric material is formed of a monomecular film or a monomolecular built-up film of a polymeric compound having both a hydrophilic portion and a hydrophobic portion within a molecule. |