| abstract |
A cavitation-inhibiting, nonfreezing, cooling and/or heat-transfer liquid comprises a glycol and a cavitation-inhibiting effective amount of at least one phosphonocarboxylic acid of the formula <IMAGE> wherein R is H or C1-6 alkyl, the latter optionally substituted by carboxy, R1 is H or C1-3 alkyl, the latter optionally substituted by carboxy, X is C1-3 alkylene optionally substituted by COOH or PO3H2 groups, and n is 0 or 1. |