| abstract |
REACTIVE N-SUBSTITUTED, CYCLAMMONIUM QUATERNARY SALTS WHEREIN THE N-SUBSTITUENT INCLUDES SUBSTITUTED ALKYL RADICALS WHOSE TERMINAL CARBON ATOM CAN BE ADDITIONALLY SUBSTITUTED WITH, FOR EXAMPLE, A FORMYL RADICAL, AN ACETAL OR THIOACETAL GROUPING INCLUDING CYCLIC OXYACETALS AND CYCLIC THIOACETALS, OR A HYDRAZONO RADICAL WHICH IS ITSELF OPTIONALLY SUBSTITUTED, ARE USEFUL AS CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES, AS PHOTOGRAPHIC ADDENDA SUCH AS ANTIFOGGANTS OR AS NUCLEATING AGENTS IN SILVER HALIDE REVERSAL EMULSIONS. THE SALTS ARE PREPARED BY REACTING A HYDRO SALT OF A CYCLAMMONIUM BASE WITH AN ALIPHATIC ORGANIC COMPOUND HAVING AN ACITVE DOUBLE BOND SYSTEM BETWEEN THE FIRST AND SECOND CARBON ATOMS. |