| abstract |
The preparation and composition of certain amphoteric polymers, useful as retention aids in the paper industry, is disclosed. The polymers are formed from acrylamide and diallyl quaternary ammonium monomers, in which some of the amide groups are subsequently hydrolyzed to adjust the ratio of quaternary and carboxylic acid groups in the polymer molecule and wherein the diallyl compound undergoes an intramolecular cyclic polymerization. The polymer function as retention aids over wide ranges of alum loading and pH ranges. |