| abstract |
Described herein are carbo-ionic cultures and extracts and applications thereof. The carbo-ionic cultures are grown in media containing an organic component and an inorganic component and the proportions and compositions of these components can be tailored to produce carbo-ionic extracts with specific properties such as, for example, the ability to provide power to a light emitting diode (LED) with a specific voltage. The carbo-ionic cultures and extracts have further uses including enhancing the growth of plants, including plants grown from tissue culture, and as supplemental nutrients for cultures of industrially, commercially, and/or scientifically-important microorganisms. Also described herein are microbial electric circuits comprising the carbo-ionic cultures and extracts described herein as well as applications of those circuits. |