| abstract |
A solar cell includes a rectangular crystalline silicon substrate having a rectangular first principal surface, a rectangular second principal surface, a first lateral surface, and a second lateral surface, one or more thin films, and a non-natural oxide film of silicon. The rectangular second principal surface may be positioned on a side opposite to the first principal surface. The first lateral surface may connect a first long side of the first principal surface and a first long side of the second principal surface, and the second lateral surface may be positioned on a side opposite to the first lateral surface and connect a second long side of the first principal surface and a second long side of the second principal surface. At least one of the first principal surface or the second principal surface may be covered with the one or more thin-films. |