| abstract |
Provided herein are fabricated ionic polymer-composite metal membranes and energy storage systems comprising the same. The energy storage systems are particularly suitable for solar powered, portable hydrogen fuel cells. The systems are capable of converting renewable energy, such as solar radiation, into electrical energy, which is used to perform water electrolysis to create and store hydrogen fuel. The system can then act as a fuel cell, converting the hydrogen fuel into electrical energy that can be used, for example, to charge a mobile device. The membranes are advantageously smaller and more efficient than prior art electrolyzer membranes. This is due to an advanced fabrication technique also described herein. |