| abstract |
A composite cathode active material including: a core including an active material; and a coating film disposed on a surface of the core, the coating film including a carbon nanostructure; and a first polymer, wherein the first polymer is at least one selected from i) a fully fluorinated polymer and ii) a partially fluorinated polymer having a fluorine content of about 60 atomic percent to about 90 atomic percent, based on a total content of the partially fluorinated polymer. |