| abstract |
Composite membranes of the present disclosure can include a porous supporting substrate having a coating thereon, and one or more two-dimensional materials disposed on the coating. The coating material can include SiO 2 or various precursors thereof, which can be disposed on the porous supporting substrate by various deposition techniques. Methods for forming a composite membrane can include providing a porous supporting substrate, applying a coating on the porous supporting substrate, and disposing one or more two-dimensional materials on the coating. |