| abstract |
An organic light-emitting device includes: a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; an emission layer (EML) between the first electrode and the second electrode; a hole transport region between the first electrode and the EML; an electron transport layer (ETL) between the EML and the second electrode, and including a first electron transport material; a first buffer layer between the EML and the ETL, and including a first buffer material; and a second buffer layer between the first buffer layer and the ETL, and including a second buffer material and a second electron transport material, wherein the first buffer material and the second buffer material are each independently selected from compounds represented by Formula 1 below, and the first buffer layer does not include an electron transport material: |