| abstract |
Disclosed is an intermediate transfer member that, for example, even when a large number, for example, 160,000 sheets of prints are prepared, does not cause cracking and toner filming, can allow good transfer properties and cleaning properties to be maintained, and can realize stable preparation of toner images having a high quality free from image defects such as lack of text image. In the intermediate transfer member, an elastic layer is provided on the outer circumference of a resin substrate, and a surface layer is provided on the elastic layer. The surface layer has a thickness of 0.5 nm or more but 1000 nm or less and comprises an intermediate layer and a hard layer composed mainly of a metal oxide. The layer density of the hard layer is 2.07 g/cm 3 or more but 2.19 g/cm 3 or less and is larger than the layer density of the intermediate layer. |