| abstract |
A photoreceptor including an electroconductive substrate, a photosensitive layer located overlying the electroconductive substrate, and a surface layer located overlying the photosensitive layer, wherein the surface layer is a cross linked surface layer comprising filler particulates on which linear scar is formed along the circumference direction, and the filler particulates form concave portions on a groove formed by the linear scar, and wherein the ten point average roughness Rz along the direction of the rotation axis of the photoreceptor measured on the circumference surface thereof is from 0.17 to 2.00 μm and the average distance Sm of concavities and convexities along the direction of the rotation axis of the photoreceptor measured on the circumference surface thereof is from 20 to 500 μm, and the ten point average roughness Rz along the circumference direction of the photoreceptor measured on the circumference surface thereof is from 0.13 to 0.50 μm and the average distance Sm of concavities and convexities along the circumference direction of the photoreceptor measured on the circumference surface thereof is from 10 to 40 μm. |