| abstract |
Provided are a positive charge controlling agent which is excellent in compatibility with and dispersibility in a binder resin, prevented from discoloring, excellent in chargeability, and reduced in the content of organic compounds having low boiling points, thereby giving no strong odor; a process for producing the same; and an electrophotographic toner which exhibits excellent chargeability and colorability, and the controlled production of VOC. The positive charge controlling agent includes a copolymer obtained by copolymerizing a styrene monomer (M1), a (meth)acrylic acid alkyl ester monomer (M2), and a quaternary ammonium salt (M3) of a dialkylaminoalkyl(meth)acrylate monomer, wherein a copolymerizing ratio (mass %) of the monomers, (M1)+(M2):(M3), is 99.5:0.5 to 65:35, and at least one end thereof is RCOO— or RO—, where R is an alkyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, or an alicyclic group. |