| abstract |
Methods and apparatus for treating defects in the annulus fibrosis are described. The methods include providing first and second elongate fastening members, each having a first end and an anchor on the first end that is substantially transverse when deployed. The first end of the first and second elongate fastening members are positioned distal of the outer layer and at least one inner layer of the annulus fibrosis. The defect is then closed by interlocking the first and second elongate fastening members. Alternatively, second ends of the elongate fastening members may be linked, resulting in reducing the size of the opening of the defect. Devices having first and second elongate fastening members, each having a first end, a second end, and an anchor on the first end that is substantially transverse when deployed; and a connector that links the first and second elongate fastening members are also described. |