| abstract |
A braking element generally including a friction material having one of iron fibers, aluminum, zinc, tin and combinations thereof. An amount of the iron fibers in the friction material is in a range between about 1 v % to about 10 v %. An amount of one of the aluminum, the zinc, the tin and the combinations thereof is in a range between about 1 v % to about 5 v %. The friction material is free of elemental copper. As the friction material wears, elemental copper is not released into the environment. |