| abstract |
An alternating electric field is applied to ice ( 530 ) to generate a resistive AC having a frequency greater than 1000 Hz in interfacial ice at interface ( 554 ). A first electrode ( 510 ) and a second electrode ( 514 ) proximate to the interface are separated by an electrical insulator ( 512 ). An AC power source ( 520 ) provides a voltage of about 10 to 500 volts across the electrodes to create the alternating electric field. A portion of the capacitive AC associated with the alternating electric field is present in the interfacial ice as conductivity (resistive) AC, which causes dielectric loss heating in the interfacial ice. |