| abstract |
Novel water-soluble or water-dispersible polymers useful for inhibiting the formation and deposition of scale forming moieties in aqueous systems comprising repeat units characterized by the Formula I: R1 | *--[-E-]c-**-[-CH2-C-]d-* *-[-F-]e-* | G | O | R2 | XZ Wherein E is the repeat unit remaining after polymerization of an ethylenically unsaturated compound; preferably, a carboxylic acid, sulfonic acid, phosphonic acid, or amide form thereof or mixtures thereof. R1 is H or lower (C1-C4) alkyl. G is -CH2- or -CHCH3-; R2 is -(-CH2-CH2-O)n- or -(-CH2-CHCH3-O)m- where n and m range from about 1 to 100, preferably n is greater than 10 and m ranges from about 1 to 20. X is an anionic radical selected from the group consisting of SO3, PO3, or COO; Z is H or hydrogens or any water soluble cationic moiety which counterbalances the valence of the anionic radical X, including but not limited to Na, K, Ca, or NH4. F, when present, is a repeat unit having the structure of Formula II: R4 | *-[-CH2-C-]-* | CH2 | O | R5 | XZ wherein X and Z are the same as in Formula I. R4 is H or lower (C1-C4) alkyl . R5 is hydroxy substituted alkyl or alkylene having from about 1 to 6 carbon atoms. |