| abstract |
the array comprises a support substrate, a surface structure formed from or coated with a first material, the surface structure protruding from the surface of the support substrate, and a second material deposited on at least a portion of the surface structure in contact with the first material; The first material, the second material, or the first material and the second material are conductive or semiconducting, and the first material and the second material at least partially form a composite. |