| abstract |
Provided are impact dissipation liners 140, 200, 414, helmets 210, 410 having impact dissipation liners, and methods of manufacturing impact dissipation liners 140, 200, 414. Liner 140, 200, 414 includes a fluid impermeable seal 141 having sidewalls and cavities 126, 193 and fluids 72, 142 contained in the seal. The closure 141 may have a central portion 147 and a lobe 149 extending from the central portion, where the central portion 147 and the lobe 149 are adapted to conform to the shape of the inner surface of the helmet. Helmet 210, 410 may include a body 422 located within cavity 416 of liner 140, 200, 414, and upon impact load, body 422 and liner 140, 200, 414 ) Absorbs at least some of the energy of the impact load. |