| abstract |
Compositions for application to metal substrates include metal cations, azole compounds and aqueous carriers. Compositions for coating a substrate include an epoxy carrier, a urethane carrier, or a carrier comprising a fluorinated urethane carrier, and an azole compound. The coated substrate comprises a composition for application to a metal substrate and a coating on the composition. A method of making a coated substrate includes applying the composition to a substrate, drying the composition to form a conversion coating, and applying the coating onto the conversion coating. |