| abstract |
A porous silicon composite cluster comprising a shell comprising a core comprising porous silicon composite secondary particles and a second graphene disposed on top of the core, wherein the porous silicon composite secondary particles comprise at least two An aggregate of silicon composite primary particles, said silicon composite primary particles comprising silicon; A porous silicon composite cluster comprising silicon oxide (SiOx) (O <x <2) disposed on the silicon and a first graphene disposed on the silicon oxide, and a carbon composite using the same. Also, an electrode including the complex or the carbon composite, a lithium battery including the same, and a biosensor, a field emission device, a thermoelectric device, and a semiconductor device including the complex or the carbon composite are presented. |