| abstract |
Methods for monitoring whether a subject is sensitive or resistant to anti-SMAD7 therapies are disclosed. The method is based on determining the number of CCR9 + FOXP3 + T cells, CCR9 + IFN-? + T cells, CCR9 + IL17A + T cells, FOXP3 + T cells, IFN-? + T cells, and / or IL17A + T cells in a sample of the subject . Measurement of the T cell population can be determined by flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, and / or ELISA. |