abstract |
The present invention discloses attenuated recombinant alphaviruses that are not replicable in mosquito cells and that are not infectable by mosquito vectors. These attenuated alphaviruses include Western Equine Encephalitis Virus, Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus, Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis virus, and Chikunungunya virus. However, this is not limited. The present invention also discloses such alphaviruses and their use in immunogenic compositions. |