| abstract |
Described herein are devices comprising stable hydroxide ion exchange polymers and stable hydroxide ion exchange polymers. The polymer includes ionene, which is a polymer containing an ionic amine in the backbone. The polymer is alcohol soluble and water insoluble. The polymer has water uptake and ionic conductivity that correlates to the degree of N substitution. Also provided is a method of forming a polymer and a membrane comprising the polymer. The polymers are suitable, for example, for use as ionomers in catalyst layers for fuel cells and electrolysers. |