| abstract |
The present invention relates generally to the fields of oncology, virology, and immunotherapy. More specifically, poxviruses, in particular of replicable attenuated vaccinia viruses with deletion of thymidine kinase (VC-TK − ) and with or without expression of Flt3L or GM-CSF, For use as oncolytic or immunotherapy. The poxvirus described above can also be used in combination with an immune checkpoint blocking agent. The poxviruses described above can also be inactivated by heat or UV treatment, and the inactivated virus can be used as an immunotherapy either alone or in combination with an immune checkpoint blocker. |