| abstract |
A method of cleaning a metal substrate, the method comprising exposing the metal substrate to a body of a cleaning liquid comprising a cleaning formulation and a number of polymer particles, the method comprising the solid particles and the metal Further comprising bringing the substrate into contact relative motion, i) the cleaning formulation comprises at least one acid having a pKa greater than about -1.7, and / or ii) the cleaning formulation comprises Wherein the pKb comprises at least one base greater than about −1.7 and the particle length is about 0.5 to about 6 mm. |