| abstract |
Provided are a conductive member, a process cartridge, and an electrophotographic apparatus, which have an optimized electrical resistivity without depending on a use environment. An electrophotographic conductive member having a conductive shaft core and a conductive layer, the conductive layer having a sulfo group or a quaternary ammonium group as an ion exchange group in the molecule. Any structure selected from the group of structures represented by chemical formula (1) -1 or chemical formula (1) -2, which contains a binder resin and ions having a polarity opposite to that of the ion exchange group And any structure selected from the group of structures represented by chemical formula (2) -1 to chemical formula (2) -3, and does not cause a matrix domain structure in the binder resin. Has a molecular structure. In each chemical formula, m is 2 to 20, n is 5 to 50, p is 1 to 25, q is 1 to 15, and r is an integer of 1 to 12. [Selection] Figure 1 |