| abstract |
Disclosed are patches, systems, and methods for delivering a permeant composition to a subject via at least one pathway formed through the subject's biological membrane. The patch is a matrix, at least one hydrophilic permeate disposed within the matrix, wherein at least a portion of the permeate is soluble in biological water received from the subject, and disposed within the matrix At least one permeability enhancer. Also disclosed are systems and methods for delivering an osmotic composition to a subject via at least one formed pathway formed through the subject's skin layer. |