| abstract |
Even if image formation is performed with a wax-containing pulverized toner having a low circularity, the toner adhesion can be reduced, the staying toner can be reduced, the noise phenomenon of the blade is suppressed, and the image formation is excellent in cleaning properties. Providing equipment. The toner is a pulverized toner containing at least a resin, a coloring material, and a release agent component, and a space ratio measured by a torque measurement method using a conical rotor is 52 to 58. %, The toner torque range is 1.0 to 2.5 mNm, and the toner release agent exposure amount WA (%) and the space ratio measured by a torque measurement method using a conical rotor is 58%. The toner torque T (mNm) and the tube thickness t (mm) of the image carrier satisfy all of the following formulas (1) to (4). 45 ≦ WA ≦ 60 Formula (1) 2 * WA-40 ≦ 50 * T ≦ 2 * WA + 5 Formula (2) 1.2 ≦ t ≦ 2.0 Formula (3) 40 * T-70 ≦ 15 * t ≦ 40 * T-22 Formula (4) [Selection] Figure 2 |