| abstract |
An oxidizing agent, an acid, a corrosion inhibitor, a benzotriazole having an electron-withdrawing group that is an electron withdrawing group stronger than a hydrogen group at the 1-position to increase the adhesion of the polymer material to the metal surface, and Optionally, selected from the group consisting of molybdate, tungstate, tantalate, niobate, vanadate, molybdenum, tungsten, tantalum, niobium, vanadium isopolyacid or heteropolyacid and any combination of the foregoing A method of treating a metal surface with a composition comprising a source of the adhesion enhancing species to be described is described. |