| abstract |
(57) [Summary]nThe transcutaneous immune system delivers antigens to immune cells through the skin and induces an immune response in animals or humans. For example, a skin-active adjuvant (eg, ADP-ribosylating exotoxin) is used to provide an antigen-specific immune response (eg, humoral) to the skin of an animal or human after transdermal application of a dry formulation containing the antigen and an adjuvant. And / or cellular effectors). The dry formulation may be a powder or a unit dose patch. If the antigen is sufficiently antigenic, the use of an adjuvant is not necessary. Transcutaneous immunity is induced with or without a penetration enhancer. |